Circulating tumor DNA methylation: a promising clinical tool for cancer diagnosis and management.

Cancer continues to pose significant challenges to the medical community. Early detection, accurate molecular profiling, and adequate assessment of treatment response are critical factors in improving the quality of life and survival of cancer patients. Accumulating evidence shows that circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) shed by tumors into the peripheral blood preserves the genetic and epigenetic information of primary tumors. Notably, DNA methylation, an essential and stable epigenetic modification, exhibits both cancer- and tissue-specific patterns. As a result, ctDNA methylation has emerged as a promising molecular marker for noninvasive testing in cancer clinics. In this review, we summarize the existing techniques for ctDNA methylation detection, describe the current research status of ctDNA methylation, and present the potential applications of ctDNA-based assays in the clinic. The insights presented in this article could serve as a roadmap for future research and clinical applications of ctDNA methylation.

Benthic biofilms in riverine systems: A sink for microplastics and the underlying influences.

Rivers are known as major pathways for transporting microplastics from terrestrial areas to the marine environment. However, the behavior of microplastics in terms of retention and transport within riverine systems remains unclear. While considerable efforts have been made to investigate the water column and sediment, limited attention has been given to understanding the interplay between microplastics and benthic biofilms. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the distribution of biofilm-trapped microplastics along the CaoE River and identify the factors influencing the immobilization of microplastics by benthic biofilms. The findings of this study revealed that benthic biofilms served as a sink of microplastics in the CaoE River, with an average abundance of 575 items/m2 in tributaries and 894 items/m2 in the main stream. The dominant shape of microplastics was fiber, while the primary polymer type was polyethylene terephthalate. The distribution of microplastics exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity, as indicated by their abundance and characteristics. In order to reveal the intriguing phenomenon, variations of influencing factors were estimated, including physicochemical characteristics of water, extracellular polymeric substances of benthic biofilms, and microbial communities of benthic biofilms. A partial least squares path modeling analysis was performed using these variables, revealing that water velocity and microbial diversity of benthic biofilms were the key factors influencing the interaction between microplastics and benthic biofilms. In summary, this study provides substantial evidence confirming the crucial role of benthic biofilms in the immobilization of microplastics, which expands concerns about microplastic pollution in the riverine systems. Furthermore, uncovering the underlying influences of microplastic-biofilm interactions will facilitate the development of effective strategies for the control and management of microplastic pollution.

Effects of microplastics and lead exposure on gut oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).

Microplastics (MPs) are increasingly being detected in freshwater environments, which have the potential to cause combined toxicity with other contaminants on aquatic organisms. To reveal the ecological risks, the combined effects of lead (Pb) and polyvinyl chloride microplastics (MPs) were explored in the gut of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The results confirmed that exposure of Pb alone accelerated Pb accumulation, increased oxidative stress, and activated the inflammation response of the gut. However, the aforementioned effects all decreased under the co-exposure of Pb and MPs. In addition, MPs altered intestinal microbial community of common carp, especially the abundance of immune system-related species. All measured variables were organized for partial least square path modeling, which revealed the combined effects of Pb and MPs on inflammation response. The results implied that MPs reduced inflammation response in two ways, including the reduction of intestinal Pb accumulation and the alteration of the intestinal microbial community. Overall, this study provides a novel aspect of ecological effects on aquatic animals from Pb and MPs exposure. The interesting results remind us that when exploring the ecological risks of MPs, combined effects from other toxic substances must be considered simultaneously.

Case report: Pathological complete response to perioperative treatment of radiotherapy combined with angiogenesis inhibitor in a patient with pleomorphic liposarcoma.

Background: Liposarcomas (LPS) are mesenchymal malignancies with four principal subtypes presenting distinct molecular and clinical features. Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) is one of the rarest and most aggressive subtypes of LPS. Surgical resection is currently a preferred curative approach for localized PLPS. However, the prognosis of unresectable PLPS is extremely poor, and there is no standard treatment. Case presentation: A 59-year-old Chinese woman was diagnosed with unresectable PLPS. The case was discussed and managed by specialists from a multidisciplinary team at Fudan Zhongshan Hospital. Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) at 50 Gy/25 Fx concurrently with the angiogenesis inhibitor anlotinib (8 mg, days 1-14, every 3 weeks) was prescribed to the patient. The dosage of anlotinib was increased to 10 mg after RT. After 6 months of treatment, the tumor had significantly shrunk and was successfully resected. Examination of the surgical specimens showed a pathological complete response (pCR). Until the latest follow-up (April 2022), no recurrence was observed, and disease-free survival has exceeded 14 months. Conclusion: This case sheds light on the probability that perioperative RT combined with an angiogenesis inhibitor can be effectively used in PLPS, which is resistant to chemotherapy and usually considered to have a poor prognosis. Further studies with randomized controlled clinical trials will improve our knowledge of this preoperative treatment strategy.

Automated rolling shutter calibration with an LED panel.

Cameras with rolling shutters (RSs) dominate consumer markets but are subject to distortions when capturing motion. Many methods have been proposed to mitigate RS distortions for applications such as vision-aided odometry and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. They usually need known line delay d between successive image rows. To calibrate d, several methods have been proposed that often involve complex procedures. This Letter proposes an easy RS calibration method by using an off-the-shelf light-emitting diode (LED) panel, using the fact that the RS causes the blinking LED columns to appear slanted in images by a static camera. The calibration starts with extracting the LED lights and then rectifies the images to remove the lens distortion and misalignment between the camera and the LED panel. Next, blocks of slanted bright LEDs are recognized and their inclination leads to the line delay estimate. Our method needs not to move the camera, adjust the ambient light, or calibrate camera intrinsic parameters beforehand, and it can usually estimate the line delay given two LED panel images in one second. Extensive tests with industrial cameras and consumer cameras of wide-angle and fish-eye lenses validate its competitive accuracy relative to the established methods.

Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of microalga Scenedesmusquadricauda.

The contamination of the aquatic environment with microplastics has become a global environmental concern. Microplastic particles can be shredded to form smaller nanoplastics, and knowledge on their impacts on phytoplankton, especially freshwater microalgae, is still limited. To investigate this issue, the microalga Scenedesmus quadricauda was exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) of five concentrations (10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L). The growth; the contents of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD); the chlorophyll content; and concentrations of soluble protein and soluble polysaccharide were accordingly measured. The results showed that the microalgal density increased with the increase of the polystyrene nanoplastic concentrations, and the physiological features of alga were enhanced after the stimulation of nanoplastics. Furthermore, a high concentration (200 mg/L) of nanoplastics increased the contents of chlorophyll, soluble protein, and polysaccharide (P < 0.05). The antioxidant enzyme activities of Scenedesmus quadricauda were significantly activated by nanoplastics. Lastly, we propose three possible algal recovery mechanisms in response to nanoplastics in which Scenedesmus quadricauda was tolerant with PS-NPs by cell wall thickening, internalization, and aggregation. The results of this study contribute to understanding of the ecological risks of nanoplastics on freshwater microalgae.

Clinical Efficacy and Safety Analysis of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor vs. Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab (PD-1/PD-L inhibitor) and adjuvant chemotherapy to treat NSCLC and provide evidence-based reference for clinical use. Methods: By searching the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science, according to the inclusion criteria, literature selection, data extraction, and quality evaluation were carried out for the included literature. The I 2 test was used to evaluate heterogeneity between studies, and the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software provided by Cochrane. Results: Finally, 14 relevant documents meeting the standards were included. It is a statistical difference in one-year survival rate [OR = 1.50, 95% CI (1.28, 1.76), P < 0.00001, I 2 = 0%, Z = 4.99]; overall response rate[OR =1.57, 95% CI (1.29, 1.90), P < 0.00001, I 2 = 0%, Z = 4.58]; progression-free survival [OR = 2.99, 95% CI (2.29, 3.91), P < 0.00001, I 2 = 26%, Z = 8.00]; and overall survival [OR = 1.38, 95% CI (1.07, 1.78), P = 0.01, I 2 = 46%, Z = 2.50] and reduces the incidence of adverse drug reactions [OR = 2.54, 95% CI (1.99, 3.25), P < 0.00001, I 2 = 69%, Z = 7.43]. Conclusion: Pembrolizumab adjuvant chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of advanced NSCLC, but attention should be paid to the occurrence of adverse reactions in clinical. Due to the limitations of the methodology included in the study, this conclusion required more validation of large-sample RCT.

Sorption behavior of Pb(II) onto polyvinyl chloride microplastics affects the formation and ecological functions of microbial biofilms.

Microplastics (MPs) are regarded as transport media for heavy metals in aquatic systems, whereas the effects of the heavy metal-enriched MPs on microbial biofilms are still unclear. In this study, Pb(II) sorption onto polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MPs and its effects on the formation and ecological functions of microbial biofilms were investigated. The results showed that the interaction between Pb(II) and PVC MPs was dominated by physisorption. The maximum sorption amount reached 1.25 mg/g. Afterward, microbial biofilms were exposed to the Pb(II)-enriched PVC particles. It is suggested that Pb(II)-enriched PVC exposure reduced productivities of polysaccharides and proteins in extracellular polymeric substances, which restricted the formation of microbial biofilms. Meanwhile, microbial community structure was reassembled accompanying the decline of capacities for nitrate and phosphate removal. Therefore, this study examines the ecological risk associated with the heavy metal-enriched MPs that can adversely affect microbial biofilms.

ETV4 mediated lncRNA C2CD4D-AS1 overexpression contributes to the malignant phenotype of lung adenocarcinoma cells via miR-3681-3p/NEK2 axis.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is originated from the mucus-producing glands of the lungs. The involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been discovered in multiple diseases. In the present research, we aimed to unmask the role of C2CD4D and THEM5 antisense RNA 1 (C2CD4D-AS1) in LUAD. RT-qPCR or western blot analysis was respectively applied in the detection of RNA or protein expressions. The function of C2CD4D-AS1 in LUAD was assessed by functional assays. Through ChIP, RNA pull down, DNA pull down, RIP and luciferase reporter assays, the in-depth regulatory mechanism of C2CD4D-AS1 in LUAD was explored. C2CD4D-AS1 was dramatically overexpressed in LUAD tissues and cell lines. As a result, depletion of C2CD4D-AS1 significantly repressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stimulated cell apoptosis in LUAD. Mechanistically, ETS variant transcription factor 4 (ETV4) activated the transcription of C2CD4D-AS1 and stimulated its up-regulation in LUAD cells, thus affecting LUAD cell biological functions. Furthermore, C2CD4D-AS1 sponged microRNA-3681-3p (miR-3681-3p) and regulated NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2), thus participating in modulating LUAD cell biological behaviors. To conclude, C2CD4D-AS1 up-regulation induced by ETV4 enhanced NEK2 expression by sequestering miR-3681-3p to contribute to the malignant behaviors of LUAD cells.

Fabrication of H2O2 slow-releasing composites for simultaneous Microcystis mitigation and phosphate immobilization.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a widely accepted algicide in controlling cyanobacterial blooms. However, this method includes two disadvantages: 1) a low H2O2 concentration (<5 mg L-1) is required; 2) H2O2-induced cell lysis causes phosphorus (P) contamination. To overcome the drawbacks, a H2O2 slow-releasing composite (HSRC) based on calcium peroxide (CaO2) was fabricated to substitute liquid H2O2. According to the results, a higher CaO2 dose increased H2O2 yield and releasing rate. H2O2 yield of 160 mg L-1 CaO2 in HSRC reached 32.9 mg L-1 and its releasing rate was 0.407 h-1. In addition, a higher temperature decreased H2O2 yield and increased H2O2-releasing rate. Besides, HSRC endowed with a remarkable ability to immobilize P. Higher CaO2 dose, pH value, and temperature increased the rate of P immobilization. The highest rate was 0.185 h-1, which occurred with 160 mg L-1 CaO2 in HSRC at 25 °C and pH 8.0. Toxicity assays showed that HSRC exerted sustaining oxidative stress on Microcystis aeruginosa. Accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species resulted in the disruption of enzymatic systems and inactivation of photosystem. Tracking the variations of cell growth and H2O2 concentration during HSRC treatments, it suggested that the lethal effect on Microcystis aeruginosa was achieved with a super-low H2O2 concentration (<0.3 mg L-1). In addition, cell lysis did not cause a sudden rise in P concentration due to the P immobilization by HSRC. Therefore, HSRC successfully offsets the drawbacks of liquid H2O2 in mitigating cyanobacterial blooms. It may be a novel and promising algicide that not only kills cyanobacteria but also reduces eutrophication momentarily.

Effects of consecutive culture of Penaeus vannamei on phosphorus transformation and microbial community in sediment.

Phosphorus (P) is highly related to water quality during shrimp culture. Recognizing P transformation in pond-based cultures is crucial for sustainable and healthy aquaculture. However, P transformation remains unclear in the sediment of Penaeus vannamei cultures, although commercial species have been pervasive worldwide. To determine P transformation, samples with different culture years were collected from Zhejiang province, China. Sequential chemical extraction was applied to reveal the composition of inorganic P, while phosphatase activity was used to evaluate the biomineralization of organic P. The results indicated that the consecutive culture of Penaeus vannamei promoted the dissolution potential of sedimentary P. This was attributed to anoxic iron reduction that increased the formation of loosely bound P and Fe (II)-P. However, this phenomenon was dominated by biomineralization, which transformed the organic P to inorganic P. The results suggested that consecutive culture changed the microbial community structure in the sediment as well as the gene functions. The Shannon Wiener index showed that increasing the culture duration significantly decreased the stability of the microbial community. Overall, this study suggests that long-term consecutive culture of Penaeus vannamei may increase the P release potential of the sediment, which increases the risk of pond eutrophication.

Comparative analysis of kinetics and mechanisms for Pb(II) sorption onto three kinds of microplastics.

Microplastics (MPs), a kind of novel contaminant, have potential to concentrate and transport heavy metals in the aquatic environment. This feature may affect the distribution and bioavailability of heavy metals. In order to determine the sorption behaviors of heavy metals onto the MPs, the sorption kinetics and mechanisms were investigated between the MPs (polyvinylchloride PVC, polyethylene PE, polystyrene PS) and Pb(II). The results suggested that the Pb(II) sorption onto the MPs were pH- and ionic strength-dependent. The sorption processes were best fitted by the pseudo-second-order model, and the rate-limiting steps were the intraparticle diffusion and final equilibrium process. The maximum sorption capacities of PVC, PE and PS were 483.1 µg/g, 416.7 µg/g and 128.5 µg/g under the condition of 0.01 M NaCl, pH 6.0, T = 298 K. The sorption rate constants were in the following order: PVC

miR-30a-3p participates in the development of asthma by targeting CCR3.

This study aimed to investigate the role and relevant mechanism of miR-30a-3p action in asthma. The results of this study revealed that the expression levels of miR-30a-3p were significantly decreased in the peripheral blood of asthmatic patients. In addition, we found that the CC chemokine receptor (CCR3) was a target of miR-30a-3p. Subsequently, an asthma mouse model was established using ovalbumin (OVA). The results showed that the expression of miR-30a-3p and CCR3 was downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in the peripheral blood of asthmatic mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in asthmatic mouse serum demonstrated that miR-30a-3p mimic treatment significantly decreased the secretion of OVA-specific IgE, eotaxin-1, interleukin (IL)-5, and IL-4. These results suggested that miR-30a-3p inhibited CCR3 signaling pathway and relieved the inflammatory response against asthma in vivo. Eosinophils have also been implicated in the asthmatic inflammatory response. Therefore, the in vitro effects of miR-30a-3p on eosinophil activity were determined. Findings suggested that miR-30a-3p mimic significantly reduced eosinophil viability and migration and induced apoptosis. In addition, CCR3 and eotaxin-1 downregulation were observed. The aforementioned results were significantly reversed following CCR3 overexpression. This study suggested that miR-30a-3p was involved in asthma by regulating eosinophil activity and targeting CCR3.

Efficient removal of U(VI) from aqueous solutions using the magnetic biochar derived from the biomass of a bloom-forming cyanobacterium (Microcystis aeruginosa).

The utilization of Microcystis biomass is an urgent issue in the mitigation of cyanobacterial bloom. In this study, Microcystis-derived biochar (MB) and Fe3O4-modified biochar (Fe3O4/MB) were fabricated for the U(VI) elimination. The results showed that U(VI) sorption process by either MB or Fe3O4/MB was pH-dependent and ionic strength-independent. The maximum sorption capacity of MB was higher than that of Fe3O4/MB. According to the analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, U(VI) sorption on both MB and Fe3O4/MB was mainly ascribed to the surface complexation between U(VI) and oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of MB. Fe3O4 particles on the surface of MB didn't provide extra active sites for the sorption of U(VI), but it enabled the adsorbent to be magnetically separated. Five consecutive sorption/desorption cycles verified the good reusability of Fe3O4/MB in this study. Therefore, the investigation is not only meaningful for the utilization of nuisance biomass from cyanobacterial blooms, but also provides novel adsorbents for the U(VI) removal from aqueous solutions.

Effective biosorption of uranium from aqueous solution by cyanobacterium Anabaena flos-aquae.

Anabaena flos-aquae, a typical species of cyanobacterial bloom, was employed as a useful biosorbent for uranium removal. Batch experiments were conducted to examine the effects of different parameters on the uranium uptake amount of Anabaena flos-aquae. The maximum adsorption capacity of 196.4 mg/g was obtained under the optimized experimental conditions. The calculations of kinetic and thermodynamic results proved the adsorption process was endothermic, chemisorption, and spontaneous. The adsorption of uranium onto Anabaena flos-aquae was better defined by the Langmuir model, which indicated the process was a monolayer sorption. In addition, the characterization of the biosorbent before and after uranium sorption implied that the dominant functional groups participated in the uranium adsorption process were hydroxyl, amino, and carboxyl. In conclusion, the environmentally friendly and biocompatible characteristics of Anabaena flos-aquae suggest that it can be a promising biosorbent for uranium removal.

Properties of CaO2 for H2O2 release and phosphate removal and its feasibility in controlling Microcystis blooms.

Calcium peroxide (CP) has been widely applied in environmental remediation, but few studies have reported its application in controlling Microcystis blooms. To recognize its feasibility for mitigating Microcystis blooms, the properties of CP in terms of hydrogen peroxide (HP) release and phosphate removal were investigated at different CP doses, temperatures, and initial pH values. HP release kinetics followed the Higuchi model. Batch experiments conducted in this study suggested that the HP yield and release rate were positively correlated with the CP dose. Increasing temperature decreased the HP yield but accelerated the HP release rate. The phosphate removal kinetics were well simulated by the pseudo-second-order model. The batch experiments suggested that an increased CP dose enhanced the phosphate removal capacity, but it did not affect the phosphate removal rate. Moreover, increased temperature accelerated both phosphate removal capacity and rate. However, the initial pH of low-buffer-capacity solutions did not notably affect HP release and phosphate removal. According to laboratory experiments, HP released from CP could impair photosynthetic activity, resulting in Microcystis mortality. Furthermore, the reduced phosphate concentration in the solutions suggested that CP could facilitate the control of eutrophication, which directly reduced bloom formation. Hence, our results confirmed CP as a promising algicide for Microcystis bloom control, and it is worthwhile to develop novel methods for bloom mitigation based on CP. Graphic abstract.

Image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy improves short-term survival for abdominal lymph node metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with lymph node metastasis (LNM), which is a rare clinical situation with a poor prognosis. We evaluated the responses and toxicities in HCC patients with abdominal LNM treated with either image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) or non-IG-IMRT. METHODS: Retrospective review of the records of HCC patients with regional LNM treated with IG-IMRT (n=43) or non-IG-IMRT (n=42). The tumor responses, local control rates (LCRs), overall survival (OS) rates, and toxicities were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean biological effective dose with α/ß =10 Gy (BED10) delivered to IG-IMRT group was 67.23±8.48 vs. 63.43±5.01 Gy delivered to non-IG-IMRT group (P=0.008). OS in IG-IMRT group vs. non-IG-IMRT group was 15.3 vs. 9.7 months (P=0.098). The one-year survival of IG-IMRT group was superior (69% vs. 38.1% for non-IG-IMRT, P=0.006). Whereas two-year survival was not significantly different. Negative independent prognostic factors included ≥2 positive lymph nodes and previous treatment without surgery, while BED10 ≥65 Gy was a protective factor. Toxicities were mild for both groups, while IG-IMRT group showed less late hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS: The therapeutic dose delivered by IG-IMRT is slightly higher than non-IG-IMRT which was more effective and showed superior short-term survival and local control in HCC patients with LNM.

Analysis of the role of DAMTC in lung adenocarcinoma cells based on the DNA microarrays.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 7, 8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarin (DAMTC) on lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) and analyze the molecular mechanism underlying DAMTC-treated lung adenocarcinoma. Gene expression profile GSE29698 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 3 DAMTC-treated A549 samples were analyzed and compared with 3 DAMTC-untreated samples using the limma package. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed, followed by the functional annotation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Finally, pathway crosstalk analysis was conducted. A total of 500 upregulated and 389 downregulated DEGs were identified. The upregulated and downregulated DEGs were enriched in different GO terms and pathways, including metabolic process, p53 signaling pathway and metabolic pathways. A total of 9 DEGs were determined to have node degrees >16 in the PPI network, including interleukin 6 (IL6), MDM2 oncogene, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (MDM2), cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) and MYC associated factor X (MAX). Furthermore, numerous DEGs were identified to function as transcription factors and tumor suppressor genes, including histone deacetylase 3 and MAX. Additionally, apoptosis, tight junction, and endocytosis pathway were determined to cross-talk with small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. The DEGs (IL6, MDM2, CDC42 and MAX) involved in different pathways, including the p53 signaling pathway and endocytosis, may be the potential targets for DAMTC in lung adenocarcinoma. The elucidation of the underlying mechanism of the DAMTC effect may make it a potential drug.

Optimization method for Microcystis bloom mitigation by hydrogen peroxide and its stimulative effects on growth of chlorophytes.

Hydrogen peroxide (HP) is a feasible algicide to control cyanobacterial blooms, but its application in the waters with strong reductive power is still a problem. The rapid decomposition rate of HP results in a short residence time in the waters, which renders the failure of bloom mitigation. In this study, the damage of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) by HP, the optimization method for Microcystis bloom control and its field effects were investigated. Results of microcosm experiments indicated M. aeruginosa was vulnerable to HP. The HP-induced damage was mainly attributed to the impairments of HP detoxification pathways and photosystem. Repetitive additions of HP, which could prolong the residence time, were conducted in the mesocosm experiments. HP concentration ranged from 96 µM to 165 µM for 2 h could successfully mitigate Microcystis bloom, even though HP decomposition rate reached 109 µM per h. Besides the removal of M. aeruginosa, contents of total dissolved nitrogen, total dissolved phosphate, dissolved organic carbon and chromophoric dissolved organic matter in water column increased significantly (p < 0.05). The enrichment of nutrients promoted the growth of chlorophytes but the growth of M. aeruginosa couldn't be observed. The dominant species thrived in the HP-treated waters was Chlamydomonas sp. Results in this study confirmed that HP was a promising algicide for cyanobacterial blooms control. The optimization method further demonstrated that repetitive additions of HP could favor the mitigation of cyanobacterial blooms.

A novel long noncoding RNA PILRLS promote proliferation through TCL1A by activing MDM2 in Retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

It is becoming evident that lncRNAs may be an important class of pervasive genes involved in carcinogenesis and metastasis. However, the biological and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in retroperitoneal liposarcoma have never been reported. In our study, we found a novel lncRNA PILRLS (Proliferation Interacting LncRNA in Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma), which as an oncogene significantly overexpressed in retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Functions of PILRLS on tumor progression both in vitro and in vivo have verified in this study which PILRLS knockdown significantly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation. RNA pull-down assay found PILRLS can specific binding with TCL1A which also regulate the expression level of TCL1A. Our work for the first time demonstrated PILRLS can activating the MDM2 by binding with TCL1A which suppress the P53 pathway to promote the unlimited growth of retroperitoneal Liposarcoma cells. It suggests that PILRLS may be an important targets for retroperitoneal liposarcoma therapy.